Instalasi dan Konfigurasi Samba Folder Sharing

Instalasi dan Konfigurasi Samba Folder Sharing

Teori dulu nih, Samba adalah himpunan aplikasi yang bertujuan agar komputer dengan sistem operasi Linux, BSD ( atau UNIX lainnya) dapat bertindak sebagai file dan print server yang berbasis protokol SMB (session message block). Jaringan yang semacam ini biasa dijumpai pada Windows workgroup atau Windows NT Domain. Samba juga dilengkapi dengan beberapa program bantu sehingga sistem operasi Linux (dan UNIX lainnya) bisa mengakses resources yang ada pada jaringan Windows yang telah ada. Bisa dikatakan, Samba adalah jembatan penghubung antara Windows dan UNIX.

Samba terdiri atas dua program yang berjalan di background: SMBD dan NMBD. Secara singkat dapat disebutkan bahwa SMBD adalah file server yang akan menghasilkan proses baru untuk setiap client yang aktif sementara NMBD bertugas mengkonversi nama komputer (NetBIOS) menjadi alamat IP sekaligus juga memantau share yang ada di jaringan. Kerja SMBD sendiri diatur melalui file konfigurasi /etc/samba/smb.conf. Dengan membuat file konfigurasi yang tepat, Samba dapat dijadikan file server, print server, domain controller, dan banyak fungsi lainnya.

Untuk Instalasi dan Konfigurasi Samba, bisa ikuti langkah-langkah di bawah ini :

1. Install paket samba dan kroni-kroninya :

apt-get install samba samba-common samba-doc winbind smbclient

2. Konfigurasi file

/etc/samba/smb.conf

sebagai berikut atau ganti isi file dengan code di bawah ini :

[global]
workgroup = INFESTGROUP
netbios name = khayat
server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)
passdb backend = tdbsam
security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
name resolve order = wins bcast hosts
domain logons = yes
preferred master = yes
wins support = yes 

# Useradd scripts
add user script = /usr/sbin/useradd -m %u
delete user script = /usr/sbin/userdel -r %u
add group script = /usr/sbin/groupadd %g
delete group script = /usr/sbin/groupdel %g
add user to group script = /usr/sbin/usermod -G %g %u
add machine script = /usr/sbin/useradd -s /bin/false/ -d /var/lib/nobody %u
idmap uid = 15000-20000
idmap gid = 15000-20000

# sync smb passwords woth linux passwords
passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
passwd chat = *Enter\snew\sUNIX\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\sUNIX\spassword:* %n\n .
passwd chat debug = yes
unix password sync = yes

# set the loglevel
log level = 3

[homes]
comment = Home
valid users = %S
read only = no
browsable = no

[netlogon]
comment = Network Logon Service
path = /home/samba/netlogon
admin users = Administrator
valid users = %U
read only = no

[profile]
comment = User profiles
path = /home/samba/profiles
valid users = %U
create mode = 0600
directory mode = 0700
writable = yes
browsable = no

3. Buat beberapa direktori berikut sebagai domain logon dan profile :

mkdir /home/samba
mkdir /home/samba/netlogon
mkdir /home/samba/profiles
mkdir /var/spool/samba
chmod 777 /var/spool/samba/
chown -R root:users /home/samba/
chmod -R 771 /home/samba/

4. Lalu restart service samba :

/etc/init.d/samba restart
atau
/etc/init.d/smbd restart

5. Ubah file /etc/nsswitch.conf, pada baris :

hosts: files dns

menjadi

hosts: files wins dns

6. Tambahkan beberapa client pada file /etc/hosts :

127.0.0.1 localhost
10.10.0.10 infest
10.10.0.9 lamuk
10.10.0.8 inyong

7. Tambahkan user root kedalam user samba :

smbpasswd -a root
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:

8. Buat file /etc/samba/smbusers lalu isikan dengan :
    

root = Administrator

mengartikan bahwa user root = user administrator pada windows

9. Sekarang kita coba, apakah konfigurasi sudah benar :

smbclient -L localhost -U%

akan menghasilkan :

Domain=[INFESTGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.3.2]

Sharename Type Comment
——— —- ——-
netlogon Disk Network Logon Service
allusers Disk All Users
IPC$ IPC IPC Service (khayat-desktop server (Samba, Ubuntu))
my picture Disk
musik Disk
Domain=[INFESTGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.3.2]

Server Comment
——— ——-
INDRA khayat-desktop server (Samba, Ubuntu)

Workgroup Master
——— ——-
INFEST INFEST
INFESTGROUP KHAYAT

10. Lalu kita setup domain group untuk windows, jalankan perintah :

net groupmap modify ntgroup=”Domain Admins” unixgroup=root
net groupmap modify ntgroup=”Domain Users” unixgroup=users
net groupmap modify ntgroup=”Domain Guests” unixgroup=nogroup

11. Tambah user linux dan user samba dengan cara :

useradd lamuk -m -G users

smbpasswd -a lamuk

12. Ubah juga pada /etc/samba/smb.conf, tambahkan baris berikut :

[allusers]
comment = All Users
path = /home/shares/allusers
valid users = @users
force group = users
create mask = 0660
directory mask = 0771
writable = yes

13. Restart samba :

/etc/init.d/samba restart
atau
/etc/init.d/smbd restart

14. Langkah terakhir adalah memanggil shared folder dari komputer lain dalam jaringan :

smb://infest/www-data/

atau Windows OS dengan cara :

- click kanan pada mycomputer
- pilih computer name lalu change
- masukan domain PDC pada bagisn domain
- akan muncul windows yang meminta memasukan user dan password, pada langkah ini masukan user root dan password samba untuk user root
- OK
- Akan muncul bahwa kita sukses menjoinkan mesin windows ke PDC linux

Windows 7 uses a feature called Homegroup, which enhances the Workgroup feature in order to make home networking easier for all Windows 7 computers. However, this feature doesn't work on Linux or older versions of Windows. In order to connect your Linux computers to Windows 7 computers and share files and folders, you need to make a series of settings. The first setting is to enable file sharing. Then, you need to change the Workgroup, so that all computers belong to one Workgroup. In this tutorial I will demonstrate how to enable file sharing and then how to configure and change the Workgroup on an Ubuntu PC.

NOTE: Article updated to work with Ubuntu 10.10 & 11.04.

Install the Sharing Service in Ubuntu Linux

The sharing service or Samba as it is called in Ubuntu is not installed by default. The installation process of Samba varies in complexity depending on the method you will be using. I will show you the most easy and straightforward method to install Samba.

First, in Ubuntu, open the Home Folder, located in the Places menu.

Next, right-click on any folder from this window to open a contextual menu. From the contextual menu, click on Sharing Options.

This opens the Folder Sharing window. Check the box next to ’Share this folder’.

A warning window will pop-up stating that the sharing service is not installed. Click on the Install service button.

Note: If you do not receive this warning, it means that the sharing service is already installed and you should be able to share files and folders. To change the Workgroup, follow the instructions found in the next section.

Then type your user account password and click on OK. The installation process will begin.

In a few seconds, you will be notified that all changes have been successfully applied. Click Closeand Ubuntu will ask to restart your session.

Save any open files you might have and click Restart session. After the restart, the sharing service is installed and fully functioning.

Configure and change the Workgroup in Ubuntu

In most cases you won’t have to change the Workgroup name because, by default, Ubuntu, Windows and Mac OS X have the same Workgroup name, which is actually “workgroup”. However, if you have to change it follow the steps detailed in this section.

Open a Terminal window and type the following command:sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf.

Then, press Enter. If you haven’t previously used the Terminal this session, Ubuntu will ask you to type in your user account password.

Next, the Samba configuration file will open in a gedit window. Scroll down, if necessary, until you find the workgroup line, in the Global Settings section.

Edit the Workgroup name so that it will match the name of the Workgroup you want to add your Ubuntu computer to.

Click on Save and restart Ubuntu so that the new settings get applied.

NOTE: If you have a network which includes Windows computers, you need to make sure the Workgroup is setup the same as on your Ubuntu computers. To learn how to do this, check out this tutorial: How to Change the Workgroup in Windows 7.